Melasma is more than just a cosmetic concern. It’s a complex skin condition that can affect confidence, emotional well-being, and quality of life. Characterized by symmetrical patches of brown or grayish pigmentation, melasma most commonly appears on the cheeks, forehead, upper lip, and chin. While melasmana is not dangerous, it is persistent and often resistant to treatment. This blog will explore what melasma is, why people get it, who is most affected, and how to naturally protect your skin from it.
What Is Melasma?
Melasma is a form of hyperpigmentation caused by the overproduction of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. This overproduction happens when melanocytes, melanin-producing cells in the skin, are triggered into high activity. The result? Discolored patches, usually on sun-exposed areas of the face.
What Causes Melasma?
Melasma is multifactorial, meaning it can result from a combination of several triggers:
- Sun Exposure: Ultraviolet (UV) rays stimulate melanocytes, worsening melasma or causing it to reappear.
- Hormonal Changes: Pregnancy (often called “the mask of pregnancy”), birth control pills, and hormone replacement therapy can trigger melasma due to increased estrogen and progesterone.
- Genetics: A family history of melasma increases your risk.
- Heat & Light Exposure: Not just UV, but also visible light and heat can stimulate pigmentation.
- Skincare Products: Products that irritate your skin can inflame it, prompting more pigment production.
- Certain Medications: Some drugs, especially those that increase sun sensitivity, can lead to melasma.
Who Gets Melasma?
The following are the types of people who are prone to getting melasma.
- Women are more affected than men. About 90% of melasma cases occur in women.
- Ages 20–50: Melasma most often appears during reproductive years.
- Darker skin types (Fitzpatrick III–VI) are more susceptible because they have more active melanocytes.
- Tropical Climates: People living in sunny, hot climates have a higher risk of melasma.
How to Prevent Melasma Naturally
You can’t always control hormones or your genetics, but there are several ways to protect your skin and reduce your risk:
- Sun Protection Is a Must
- Use broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 50+) every single day—even on cloudy days.
- Wear wide-brimmed hats and sunglasses.
- Seek shade during peak sun hours (10 AM – 4 PM).
- Avoid Heat & Visible Light
- Avoid intense workouts under the sun.
- Use physical sunscreens (zinc oxide or titanium dioxide), which reflect visible light.
- Choose Skincare Wisely
- Avoid harsh scrubs and alcohol-based products.
- Use calming ingredients like niacinamide, licorice extract, and aloe vera.
- Watch Hormonal Triggers
- If you’re prone to melasma and considering hormonal treatments or birth control, consult your dermatologist.
- Adopt Anti-Inflammatory Habits
- Eat a skin-supportive diet rich in antioxidants (berries, leafy greens, turmeric).
- Stay hydrated and manage stress levels.
Can Red Light Therapy Help with Melasma Treatment?
Emerging research suggests that Red Light Therapy (RLT), also known as photobiomodulation, may be a promising non-invasive treatment for melasma. RLT uses low-level red and near-infrared wavelengths to penetrate the skin and stimulate cellular activity.
A notable study showed that treatment with a 675 nm wavelength laser (a specific form of red light) led to visible improvements in melasma. This includes reduced pigmentation and improved vascular appearance after just three sessions. Moreover, this study is published in the Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy. This suggests that RLT may help reduce inflammation, improve circulation, and regulate melanin production.
While more research is still needed, RLT is considered safe for most skin types when used correctly. Particularly, as part of a broader skincare routine focused on sun protection and barrier repair.
Final Thoughts
Melasma can be frustrating, but understanding what causes it and how to reduce those triggers gives you power. Prevention starts with awareness: protect your skin from light and heat, be gentle with your skincare, and support your body from the inside out.
If melasma has already appeared, Red Light Therapy may be a gentle and effective treatment. It can complement your skincare routine, helping reduce inflammation and naturally balance pigment production.
